Of course, it would be extravagant to claim that agreements or trials of this kind can make an aggressive war or persecution of minorities impossible, just as it would be extravagant to claim that our federal laws make federal crime impossible. But we cannot doubt that they strengthen the ramparts of peace and tolerance. The four nations, through their accusers and representatives at the Court, have formulated standards of conduct that bring new hope to people of good will and from whom future statesmen will not recklessly deviate. These norms, according to which the Germans were condemned, will become the condemnation of any nation loyal to them. (a) CRIMES AGAINST PEACE: namely, the planning, preparation, initiation or conduct of a war of aggression or a war that violates international treaties, agreements or assurances, or participation in a common plan or conspiracy to achieve any of the above objectives; “On August 8, 1945, we signed the agreement, which I was authorized to do on behalf of the United States, and it was announced to the world. Until now, there have been press rumors that we were struggling to get there. We had openly admitted that we had done so, but there had been no exploitation of our differences. The document was received with great satisfaction in most of the countries concerned. The agreement on the application of Article 65 EPC – the London Agreement – is an optional agreement aimed at reducing the cost of translating European patents. It is the result of many years of efforts to establish an economic post-grant translation regime, which began in the 1990s within the framework of the European Patent Organisation and gained momentum at the Paris Intergovernmental Conference on 24 and 25 June 1999 (see OJ 1999).
EPO 1999, 545). It was concluded at the Intergovernmental Conference held in London on 17 October 2000 (see OJ No EPO 2001, 549). Nothing in this Agreement shall affect the jurisdiction or powers of any national or occupation tribunal established or to be established in Allied territory or in Germany for the purpose of prosecuting war criminals. This information is simplified and should not be interpreted as a definitive explanation of law or practice. Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Slovenia, Croatia, Sweden and Macedonia are type 2 because they do not have English, French or German as their official language. Denmark, Finland, Hungary, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Croatia and Sweden have chosen English as the language of translation, but require a translation of the claims into their national language. Macedonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Slovenia have not chosen a specific language, but are again demanding a translation of the claims into their national language. Albania does not require translation of claims or specifications. CONSIDERING that, from time to time, the United Nations has made declarations expressing its intention to bring war criminals to justice, MADE in quadruple copies in London on 8 August 1945 in English, French and Russian respectively, and that each text will have the same authenticity.
This Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its signature, shall remain in force for a period of one year and shall continue thereafter, subject to the right of each Signatory to give a period of one month to denounce it through diplomatic channels. Such denunciation shall not affect proceedings or conclusions already initiated which have already been made pursuant to this Agreement. AND CONSIDERING that this Declaration is without prejudice to the case of serious criminals whose crimes have no specific geographical location and who are punished by the joint decision of the Governments of the Allies, for the Government of the Leaders of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics are the organizers, instigators and accomplices who participate in the formulation or execution of a common plan or conspiracy to commit any of the crimes. Above. are responsible for all actions performed by persons in the execution of such a plan. Cost savings – significant because the translation of the entire specification into French and German is no longer necessary. (c) CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY: murder, extermination, slavery, deportation and other inhumane acts committed before or during the war against a civilian population; or persecution on political, racial or religious grounds during execution or in connection with offences within the jurisdiction of the court, whether or not they violate the domestic law of the country in which they were committed. (b) WAR CRIMES: i.e. violations of the laws or customs of war. Such violations include, but are not limited to, the killing, ill-treatment or deportation for forced labour or any other purpose of the civilian population in or in the occupied territories, the killing or ill-treatment of prisoners of war or persons at sea, the killing of hostages, the looting of public or private property, the wanton destruction of towns, towns or villages, or devastation not justified by military necessity; Of these, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Belgium, Ireland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco and Switzerland fall under type 1, with English, German or French being the official language and, therefore, no translation of the specification is required for the validation of the patent in their country. .